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November 1996
Current perspectives on latex allergy.
Landwehr, L, et al;
Pediatrics
Commentary by Dr. Karl,
[ see abstract below ]
Intraoperative anaphylactic reactions to latex have only been
described in the last 10 years, are increasingly common, and may be fatal.
Landwehr and Boguniewicz have written a very readable review of the current
knowledge in this area, substantiated by 63 recent references.
Those of us who care for patients at high risk for latex allergy (patients
with spina bifida or congenital urinary tract anomalies, patients who are
medical or health care workers and those with a history of atopy) will find
this article useful.
ABSTRACT
Summary
Allergic reactions to latex and rubber products have become a public health
concern of increasing dimension, affecting both children and adults. As of September
1992, 1100 reactions and 15 fatalities associated with latex hypersensitivity
had been reported to the Food and Drug Administration.
From 1990 to 1991, at least 29 pediatric centers reported anaphylactic episodes
attributable to latex. In an attempt to deal with this growing problem, hospitals
have had to institute major policy and infrastructural changes in their emergency
departments and surgical suites. The only effective therapy, avoidance, is often
difficult because of the ubiquity of latex in the medical setting.
Alternatives to latex products often are not readily available or practical.
The underlying pathogenesis of latex hypersensitivity has yet to be completely
delineated. However, certain high-risk groups and common sources of latex exposure
have been identified. Many clinicians are puzzled by the increasing incidence
of latex allergy because there was little awareness of the problem 10 years
ago.
An appreciation of the process of latex production provides a background for
understanding the clinical and immunologic characteristics of latex allergy
and establishes the basis for the practical application of diagnostic, therapeutic,
and control strategies.
Reprint requests:
Mark Boguniewicz, MD,
1400 Jackson St.,
Denver, CO 80206
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